DERF References

Dynamical Extended-Range Forecasting (DERF): References


[1]Manabe, S., and D.G. Hahn, 1981: Simulation of atmospheric variability. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 2260-2286.

[2]Gordon, C.T., and W.F. Stern, 1982: A description of the GFDL global spectral model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 625-644.

[3]Gordon, C.T., 1986: Boundary layer parameterizations and land surface processes in GFDL GCMs. Proceedings of the ISLSCP Conference, Rome, ESA SP-248, 23-36.

[4]Gordon, C.T., 1992: Comparison of 30 day integrations with and without cloud-radiation interaction. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1244-1277.

[5]Gordon, C.T., and R.D. Hovanec, 1985: A simple scheme for generating two layers of radiatively constrained effective clouds in GCM's. J. Geophys. Res., 90 (D6), 10563-10585.

[6]Miyakoda, K., and J. Sirutis, 1986: Manual of the E-physics. Available from Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University, P.O. Box 308, Princeton, NJ 08542.

[7]Miyakoda, K., D. Hembree, and R. Strickler, 1979: Cumulative results of extended forecast experiments. II. Model performance for summer cases. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 395-420.

[8]Miyakoda, K., J. Sirutis, and J. Ploshay, 1986: One-month forecast experiments without anomaly boundary forcings. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 2363-2401.

[9]Bourke, W.P., 1974: A multi-level spectral model, 1: Formulation and hemispheric integrations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 102, 687-701.

[10]Asselin, R., 1972: Frequency filter for time integrations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 487-490.

[11]Mellor, G.L., and T. Yamada, 1982: Development of a turbulent closure model for geophysical fluid problems. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 20, 851-875.

[12]Miyakoda, K., and J. Sirutis, 1977: Comparative integrations of global models with various parameterized processes of subgrid-scale vertical transports: Description of the parameterization. Beitr. Atmos. Phys., 50, 445-488.

[13]Stern, W.F., and R.T. Pierrehumbert, 1988: The impact of an orographic gravity wave drag parameterization on extended range predictions with a GCM. Preprints of the Eighth Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, American Meteorological Society, Baltimore, 745-750.

[14]Lacis, A.A., and J.E. Hansen, 1974: A parameterization for the absorption of solar radiation in the earth's atmosphere. J. Atm. Sci., 31, 118-133.

[15]Fels, S.B., and M.D. Schwarzkopf, 1975: The simplified exchange approximation: A new method for radiative transfer calculations. J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1475-1488.

[16]Schwarzkopf, M.D., and S.B. Fels, 1991: The simplified exchange method revisited: An accurate, rapid method for computation of infrared cooling rates and fluxes. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 9075-9096.

[17]Schwarzkopf, M.D., and S.B. Fels, 1985: Improvements to the algorithm for computing CO2 transmissivities and cooling rates. J. Geophys. Res., 90, 10541-10550.

[18]Roberts, R.E., J.A. Selby, and L.M. Biberman, 1976: Infrared continuum absorption by atmospheric water vapor in the 8-12 micron window. Appl. Optics., 15, 2085-2090.

[19]Joseph, J.H., W.J. Wiscombe, and J.A. Weinman, 1976: The delta-Eddington approximation for radiative flux transfer. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 2452-2459.

[20]Harshvardhan, D.A. Randall, T.G. Corsetti, and D.A. Dazlich, 1989: Earth radiation budget and cloudiness simulations with a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1922-1942.

[21]Stephens, G.L., 1978: Radiation profiles in extended water clouds. II: Parameterization schemes. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2123-2132.

[22]Ramaswamy, V., and V. Ramanathan, 1989: Solar absorption by cirrus clouds and the maintenance of the tropical upper troposphere thermal structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2293-2310.

[23]Manabe, S., J. Smagorinsky, and R.F. Strickler, 1965: Simulated climatology of a general circulation model with a hydrologic cycle. Mon. Wea. Rev., 93, 769-798.

[24]Tiedtke, M., 1983: The sensitivity of the time-mean large-scale flow to cumulus convection in the ECMWF model. Proceedings of the ECMWF Workshop on Convection in Large-Scale Models, 28 November-1 December 1983, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England, 297-316.

[25]Slingo, J.M., 1987: The development and verification of a cloud prediction model for the ECMWF model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 113, 899-927.

[26]Gates, W.L., and A.B. Nelson, 1975: A new (revised) tabulation of the Scripps topography on a one-degree grid. Part 1: Terrain heights. Tech. Report R-1276-1-ARPA, The Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 132 pp.

[27]Deardorff, J.W., 1978: Efficient prediction of ground surface temperature and moisture, with inclusion of a layer of vegetation. J. Geophys. Res., 83, 1889-1903.

[28]Charnock, H., 1955: Wind stress on a water surface. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 81, 639-640.

[29]Payne, R.E., 1972: Albedo of the sea surface. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 959-970.

[30]Posey, T.W., and P.F. Clapp, 1964: Global distribution of normal surface albedo. Geofis. Int., 4, 33-48.

[31]Delsol, F., K. Miyakoda, and R.H. Clarke, 1971: Parameterized processes in the surface boundary layer of an atmospheric circulation model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 97, 181-208.

[32]Manabe, S., 1969: Climate and ocean circulation. I. The atmospheric circulation and the hydrology of the earth's surface. Mon. Wea. Rev., 97, 739-774.

[33] Stern, W.F., and K. Miyakoda, 1995: Feasibility of seasonal forecasts inferred from multiple GCM simulations. J. Climate, 8, 1071-1085.

[34]Navarra, A., W.F. Stern, and K. Miyakoda, 1994: Reduction of the Gibbs oscillation in spectral model simulations. J. Climate, 7, 1169-1183.

[35]Godfrey, J.S., and A.C.M. Beljaars, 1991: On the turbulent fluxes of buoyancy, heat and moisture at the air-sea interface at low wind speeds, J. Geophys. Res., 96(C12), 22043-22048.

[36]Dorman, J.L., and P.J. Sellers, 1989: A global climatology of albedo, roughness length and stomatal resistance for atmospheric general circulation models as represented by the Simple Biosphere model (SiB). J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 833-855.

[37]Matthews, E., 1984: Vegetation, land-use, and seasonal albedo data sets: Documentation of archived data tape. NASA Tech. Memo. 86107, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C., 12 pp.

[38]CLIMAP, 1981: Seasonal reconstruction of the earth surface at the last glacial maximum. Geological Society of America Map Chart Series MC-36.

[39]ECMWF Research Department, 1991: ECMWF forecast model, physical parameterisation (3rd edition). European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England.

[40]Mintz, Y., and Y. Serafini, 1981: Global fields of soil moisture and land-surface evapotranspiration. NASA Tech. Memo. 83907, Research Review--1980/81, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 178-180.

[41]Stern, W.F., and K. Miyakoda, 1988: Systematic errors in GFDL's extended range prediction spectral GCM. Workshop on Systematic Errors in Models of the Atmosphere, Report No. 12, Working Group on Numerical Experimentation, World Climate Research Programme, Geneva, 78-85.


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Last update August 9, 1996. For further information, contact: Tom Phillips ( phillips@tworks.llnl.gov )

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